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Understanding P-Values and Statistical Significance
A p-value, or probability value, is a number describing how likely it is that your data would have occurred by random chance (i.e., that the null hypothesis is true). The level of statistical significance is often expressed as a p-value between 0 and 1. The smaller the p-value, the less likely the results occurred by random chance, and the stronger the …
Understanding P-values | Definition and Examples
Reporting p values P values of statistical tests are usually reported in the results section of a research paper, along with the key information needed for readers to put the p values in context – for example, correlation coefficient in a linear regression, or the average difference between treatment groups in a t-test. ...
Novel p-dopant toward highly efficient and stable perovskite solar …
Li-TFSI is the most common p-dopant for the hole conductor spiro-MeOTAD in the normal structure (n–i–p) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which consistently yield the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) albeit at the risk of lower long-term operational stability. Here we successfully replace convention